World Bank has said Nigeria’s greatest fiscal challenge is weak revenue mobilisation rather than excessive borrowing, urging the Federal Government to strengthen revenue generation to support sustainable economic growth and meet its debt obligations.
The World Bank Country Director for Nigeria, Mr. Mathew Verghis, stated this during an interview on Channels Television on Friday.
According to him, Nigeria’s debt profile remains moderate by international standards and does not place the country among nations experiencing debt distress.
“From our assessment, Nigeria doesn’t have a high indebtedness problem; it has a low revenue problem,” Verghis said.
He explained that Nigeria’s debt-to-Gross Domestic Product (GDP) ratio is lower than that of many comparable economies, adding that the country’s fiscal challenge lies more in its limited revenue base than in the volume of its borrowing.
“When we looked at the numbers, Nigeria is a moderately indebted country, meaning it has less debt relative to its economy than most of its neighbours and many other countries.
“Nigeria is in a very different situation from Ghana, for example, which is going through a debt restructuring,” he said.
Verghis defended government borrowing, describing it as a legitimate tool for financing long-term investments capable of stimulating economic growth and improving citizens’ welfare.
“Nigeria borrows for the same reasons that all countries borrow. If you want to deliver results to people, the money available on an annual basis is not enough.
“So you borrow, deliver results, and that improves your ability to repay,” he said.
He cited electricity infrastructure as an example, noting that expanding access to power for millions of Nigerians would require substantial upfront financing.
“To be able to connect and provide energy to 32 million Nigerians, Nigeria needs to borrow money now.
“But with increased access to energy, the country will become wealthier and better positioned to repay the loans,” he added.
The World Bank official, however, warned that Nigeria’s low revenue generation poses a greater risk to fiscal sustainability than its current debt burden.
“Nigeria’s debt is not particularly high, and in fact, it is quite moderate by international standards.
“Its revenues are very low by international standards, and unless those revenues are raised, it will not be able to pay back debt,” he said.
Verghis said improving revenue mobilisation would enable the government to invest more in critical sectors such as infrastructure, healthcare, education and agriculture, while supporting job creation, strengthening human capital development and reducing poverty.
He noted that the World Bank’s recently unveiled Country Partnership Framework for Nigeria for 2026 to 2032 places job creation at the centre of its support for the country.
According to him, the framework will focus on investments in infrastructure, healthcare, agriculture and digital connectivity to promote inclusive and sustainable economic growth.
